EXPLANATION AND
REFLECTIONS
Enoch Wan
(Paul & Fran Hiebert,
Credit: Paul E. Grant)
Though hard to believe,
Paul is really gone;
Reunited with Fran,
And beloved parents he joined.
On this side, we remember his sharing,
Giving his best, without sparing;
Yonder, rings the supreme compliment -
¡§Welcome home, my faithful servant!¡¨
Special Issue of Global
Missiology
This special issue is occasioned by Paul¡¦s
departure thus the rush in preparation/production, all within about two weeks.
Yet part of this period I was in the Philippines STM with limited internet
access.[1] Thus errors/omissions are inevitable and
would require the understanding of readers of Global Missiology and their input for correction. On this score,
Paul¡¦s daughter Barbara is to be credited.
(If Paul can read this opening statement, he would immediately point out that
the Asian side of me is showing. Sorry! Paul.)
The objective reason for the inclusion of Fran in this issue is due to
the fact that the two worked best as a team so tributes should be given to both
together. And the subjective reason is my friendship with both. Therefore in the ¡§Featured Article¡¨ section, tributes to Paul are followed by those for Fran. For more information
about Fran¡¦s life and ministries, please visit the ¡§Hiebert Family
Website¡¨ at http://www.hiebertweb.net/fran/fran.html
For tributes to
Fran, credits are due
¡§a dear friend¡¨ and Paul as ¡§a gentle giant.¡¨
But I respect both being God¡¦s faithful servants.
Paul¡¦s Trademark -
Sharing
Paul¡¦s departure has been anticipated because he had prepared those around him well. For instance, last month he sent me by snail mail items such as contact info of family members and since my sabbatical at OMSC we stayed connected only by cell phone when he found it hard to use e-mail.
With hardship (as evidenced by many typing errors), he typed out two separate pages authorizing my use of his publications and telephone conversations -- thus the MP3 pieces in the ¡§Legacy of Paul G. Hiebert¡¨ section.
That is the spirit of Paul¡¦s sharing; in spite of his health being ravaged by cancer.
Sharing through Global Missiology
He tried to show his support for Global Missiology (GM) by submitting articles and authorized the posting of his out-of-print book at GM. (Please see the ¡§Legacy of Paul G. Hiebert¡¨ section of this special issue). He even typed out ¡§the light-hearted piece¡¨ from his death bed and sent the hard copy to me by post which had typing errors. (Very atypical of Paul, indicative of his poor health); but showed his eager efforts to ¡§participate in this electronic way of sharing - low cost but high efficiency¡¨ (Paul¡¦s own word).
Sharing his Residence
¡V ¡§Hosting Students as Fran Would Do¡¨
Years ago, I served with Fran at
CHEPSIS (¡§Christian Higher Education Professional Serving International
Students¡¨ - now defunct) and one time Paul came from TEDS with her to share
with participants from member schools (e.g. Reformed Theological Seminary,
Both
Paul and Fran were ready to generously share with others in many ways;
especially foreign students. Paul
often said that ¡§I was once a guest in other people¡¦s country so I know what it
is like to be a foreign student.¡¨ He
spoke from his experience as a MK in
Tite Tienou, my wife and I were
foreign students at
Fran partnered with Paul in the
ministry of hospitality to students both at Fuller and TEDS. They worked as a team, more than a
couple. Paul did the same, since 1999 when he was single, by opening his
residence to house students from TEDS. He wanted to ¡§create a community and
enjoy fellowship, that¡¦s the type of thing that Fran would have me do¡¨ were Paul¡¦s
own words. Many doctoral students from
TEDS came to his house to stay and studied with him for days and weeks. Not a few enjoyed Paul¡¦s hospitality,
personal mentoring and dissertation coaching. In recent months he hosted a doctoral
student (of NT Studies) from
Sharing Even towards the End of his Life
In the spirit of sharing, Paul was willing to let me tape our conversation on March 3 when breathing was hard due to cancer in the lungs. He could not talk smoothly without a supply of oxygen; but insisted on doing so. Days before his departure on March 11, he spent time sharing with my doctoral students his experiences in research, again sitting up from his bed with help from his daughter and the aid of oxygen supply by way of his cell phone. Yet he proceeded to accomplish the task ¡V Paul¡¦s way of sharing with others.
After my sabbatical at OMSC and when Paul was severely
weakened by cancer, weekly we talked and prayed by phone, increased in frequency
when he no longer could go out.
One Sunday evening, before being limited in mobility, he excitingly shared with me the major points of his talk at a local congregation on ¡§glorifying Christ in dying ¡V the practical way¡¨ (wording from my personal recollection). I complained that he should have alerted me of such an occasion for taping so that boomers like me can learn from him. He just chuckled and said, ¡§I want to prepare others in case they happen to follow my path.¡¨ That is Paul¡¦s Christian trademark ¡V sharing.
It
was providential that his ¡§light-hearted piece¡¨ happened to be in line with the
annual theme of
¡§A photo of the last
Styrofoam cup Paul doodled on at a faculty meeting for
(Photo
and explanation by Georgia R. Grimes Shaw)
Friend and Fellow Anthopologist/Missiologist
My friendship with Paul began in
1982 when he wrote me a two-page letter in response to my 2-part series
¡§critique of functional anthropology¡¨ ¡V an unknown Chinese anthropologist on
the faculty in
In the long letter, he explained that he embraced ¡§holistic concept of culture¡¨ and declared, ¡§I am not a functionalist.¡¨ Since then we found a kindred spirit in many things.
There were many happy occasions we worked together. Here I would just mention two examples. In 1998 when I served as the regional VP of EMS-SE and the theme was on the contributions of anthropology to Christian missions and the methodology missiological research methodology, Paul came to joint me at the ETS/EMS Regional Meeting, Columbia International University, S.C., March 20-21, 1998. Unfortunately Darrell Whiteman had to have a last-minute cancellation for unexpected causes; but Paul and I had excellent collaboration and we enjoyed Christian fellowship together.
Another time was that we worked
together to plan and implement the program for EMS/IFMA Annual Conference 2002.
Afterwards, due to his other obligations and urgent matters, he had to opt out
of co-editing with me the annual monograph - Christian Witness in Pluralistic Contexts in the 21st Century!. Evangelical Missiological
Society Series: Number 11.
Theoretical/methodological/missiological
dimensions
Theoretically, as fellow anthropologists we agree on the importance of ¡§holism¡¨ ¡V beginning from the perspective of ¡§culture¡¨ to areas beyond, such as interdisciplinary
integration and integrative methodology[2], multi-dimension of reality and complexity of
(Taken at
their farewell from Fuller in 1990:
the Indian
students hand made their matching leis ¡V by
human understanding (e.g. worldview)[3]. The missiological implications are manifold
including integration of theology and missiology,[4] incarnational approach and the
importance of contextualization.[5]
Theologically, Paul is Mennonite/Armenian and I am Reformed; but we have no problem getting along. Epistemologically, we are both ¡§realist¡¨ but disagree on the details: ¡§critical realism¡¨ for Paul but ¡§relational realism¡¨ for Enoch.[6] Ontologically we agree on the primary importance of relationship in life and service (over function and success, structure and phenomenon), fellowship of the faithful (in spite of theoretical and theological differences) and partnership for the Kingdom (though with ecclesiastical, ethnic and cultural diversity).
Practical matters
We
both seek to contribute to Western learning and ministry style by bringing in
the positive elements of Asian culture (i.e. Indian and Chinese) for enrichment
and integration, such as ¡§both-and¡¨ instead of ¡§the excluded middle¡¨ paradigm
and emphasis on relationship[7] (over
pragmatism and managerial missions), team work and communal approach (over
individualism and obsession with quantifiable efficiency/productivity),
partnership (instead of denominationalism and parochialism), and spiritual
warfare.[8]
We both are aware of the negative elements of Asian culture and how Western influences could be helpful, e.g. religious syncretism (as exemplified by folk religion), social
nepotism, Asian ethnocentrism (boasting of millennial heritages of the Indian and the Chinese), pessimistic attitude (fatalistic and escapist orientations), etc.[9]
In musing, we called ourselves: ¡§cultural brokers,¡¨ ¡§interdisciplinary muddling¡¨ and ¡§in-betweeners.¡¨[10] Paul encouraged me to maximize the use of new media of communication for networking, coaching and sharing. He kept saying that he had been limited to WordPerfect and e-mail; but I should be more daring since I am younger. The burden to do so is on me; but Paul is my cheer leader to launch the free e-journal www.globalmissiology.org. We used e-mail to communicate and we are probably the only two anthropologists/missiologists using ¡§juno¡¨ for our personal e-mail (phiebert@juno.com and e.wan@juno.com)
Paul & Fran, we appreciate and
miss you,
Lord, for giving us these
two, we thank you!
[1]
Teaching a module and speaking at the commencement of
[2] Paul Hiebert:
¡P
Anthropological Insights for Missionaries. 1985.
¡P
Cultural Anthropology. 1976.
Book House,
See the theoretical section of Hiebert¡¦s Incarnational Ministry. 1995, Baker.
Most clearly are the figures dealing with
reductionism, compartmentalization and integration
through complimentarity.,
¡P
A
Conversation with Doctoral Students at Western Seminary on Research
Methodology¡¨ (MP3, 27 minutes) Paul
G. Hiebert via telephone on
http://www.westernseminary.edu/Media/DIS/DrHiebert.mp3
¡P
¡§Reflections on a Life-time of Research and
Publication in 5 stages¡¨ (MP3, 26 minutes)
By Paul Hiebert via telephone on
http://www.westernseminary.edu/Media/DIS/DrHiebert2.mp3
Enoch Wan
¡P
¡§The
Paradigm & Pressing Issues of Inter-Disciplinary Research Methodology¡¨
Published in Global Missiology, Research Methodology, January 2005,
www.globalmissiology.net
¡P
¡§Rethinking Missiological Research
Methodology: Exploring a New Direction,¡¨ Published in Global Missiology, Research
Methodology, Oct. 2003, www.globalmissiology.net
¡P
¡§A
Critique of Charles Kraft¡¦s Use/Misuse of Communication and Social Sciences in Biblical
Interpretation and Missiological Formulation,¡¨ Published in Global Missiology,
Research Methodology, October 2004, www.globalmissiology.net
¡P
¡§Social Sciences and
¡P
¡§Evangelical
Theology, Postmodernity, and the Promise of Interdisciplinarity,¡¨ (with
¡P
¡§Holistic
Ministry/Missions: Reflections & Resource Material,¡¨ Published in Global
Missiology, Featured Article, October 2005, www.globalmissiology.net
[3]Paul
taught a doctoral course on ¡§worldview¡¨ the summer of 2004 at Western Seminary
with the manuscript soon to be released by Baker, Transforming Worldviews, in 2007.
Also Paul¡¦s
articles:
¡P
¡§Worldviews and Why They Matter,¡¨ Continuing Jesus'
Ministry of Deliverance. edited by Loren L. Johns and James R. Krabill.
¡P
¡§Anthropology, Missions and Epistemological Shifts.¡¨ (to be published in 2007).
¡P
¡§An Anthropologist Looks at Worldviews: The
Invisible Worlds in Which We Live.¡¨ Brethren
in Christ: History and Life. 21(April): 122-144. 1998.
¡P
¡§Cross-cultural
Lessons, and Conversion and Worldview Transformation.¡¨ In Perspectives on World
¡P
Conversion
and Worldview Transformation. International
Journal of Frontier Missions. 14:2 April-June: 1997. pp. 83-86.
¡P
¡§Metatheology:
The Step Beyond Contextualization.¡¨ 1988. Retrospect
and Prospect: A Missiology for 2001. Hans Kasdorf, ed. Bad Liebenzell, West Germany:
Liebenzeller Missions Verlag. Translated version: ¡§Metatheologie: Ein Schritt
tiber die Kontextualisierung hinaus.¡¨ Bilanz
und Plan: Mission an der Schwelle zum Dritten Jahrtausend. Liebenzeller. 1988.
Enoch Wan published two books in Chinese on
understanding the Chinese worldview for contextualization (¡§Sino-theology¡¨).
Also see ¡§Theological
Contributions of Sino-theology to The Global Christian Community,¡¨ Published in
Global Missiology, Contextualization, Oct. 2003, www.globalmissiology.net
For works dealing with
multi-level, multi-dimensional, multi-contextual matters in Missiology, see http://missiology.org/missionchina/missionchina.htm
[4] Paul Hiebert¡¦s upcoming title on ¡§missional theology¡¨ due to be released by Baker.
See also his article, ¡§Missional Theology,¡¨ (with Tite Tiénou) Published in Global Missiology, Featured
Article, April 2005,
Enoch Wan
[5] Paul
Hiebert, Incarnational Ministry: Church Planting in Ban, Tribal,
Peasant and Urban Societies. 1995 Baker.
See also Paul¡¦s articles:
¡P
¡§Changing
Perceptions of Contextualization,¡¨ For David Hesselgrave's book to be published
by John Knox, 2007.
¡P
The Gospel in
Human Contexts: Changing Perceptions of Contextualization. In Proceedings of
the Union Biblical Seminary Missions Conference, 2006. (
¡P
¡§Critical Contextualization¡¨ in Anthropological Insights for Missionaries.
¡P
¡§Form and
Meaning in Contextualization of the Gospel.¡¨ In The Word Among Us. Dean S. Gilliland, ed.
Enoch Wan:
¡P ¡§Practical Contextualization: A Case Study of Evangelizing Contemporary Chinese,¡¨ Published in
Global Missiology, Contextualization, Oct. 2003, www.globalmissiology.net
¡P ¡§Critiquing the Method of Traditional Western Theology and Calling for Sino-theology,¡¨
Published in Global Missiology, Contextualization, Oct. 2003, www.globalmissiology.net
¡P ¡§Jesus Christ for the Chinese: A Contextual Reflection,¡¨ Published in Global Missiology,
Contextualization,
Oct. 2003, www.globalmissiology.net
[6]
Paul Hiebert, Missiological Implications of Epistemological Shifts. 1999.
International.
[7]
Paul Hiebert covered the relational aspect of ministry in various parts of his
book Anthropological
Insights for Missionaries. 1985.
Baker.
Also Paul¡¦s article:
¡P
¡§Flaw of the
Excluded Middle.¡¨ In Perspectives on the
World Christian Movement. 3rd ed. Ralph Winters, ed.
¡P
¡§
¡P
¡§Response to
Split-level Christianity and Folk Religion.¡¨ International Journal of Frontier Missions. 16:4:173-181 (winter
1999-2000).
¡P
¡§Partnership
in the Gospel: Misers, Accountants and Stewards.¡¨ Paul Hiebert and Sam Larsen.Die Mission der Theologie. Bonn Verlag
fur Kultur and Wissenschaft. 1998. Republished in Direction: A Mennonite Brethren Forum. 28:1:55-62, Spring.
¡P
¡§The Whole Image
of God; A Theological and Anthropological Understanding of Male-Female Relationship.¡¨
Frances F. and Paul G. Hiebert. In Incarnational
Ministry: The Presence of Christ in Church, Society and Family. Christian
D. Kettler and Todd H. Speidell, eds.
Enoch Wan formulated the ¡§Trinitarian paradigm¡¨ on ¡§relational
basis¡¨
¡P
¡§Exploring
Sino-Spirituality,¡¨ Published in
Global Missiology, Spiritual Dynamics, Oct. 2003, www.globalmissiology.net
¡P
For an overview of the ¡§Trinitarian paradigm,¡¨
see Mark Hedinger¡¦s doctoral dissertation supervised by
[8]Paul G. Hiebert:
¡P
¡§Spiritual
Warfare and Worldviews¡¨ Published in Global
Missiology, January 2004.
¡P
The Biblical View: The Nature of Spiritual Warfare. Mennonite Brethren Herald. 31 (October 9): 4.
1992.
¡P
Spiritual Warfare: An Anabaptist View.
Enoch Wan:
¡P
1988 ¡§Spiritual Warfare: Understanding
Demonization.¡¨
¡P
1989 ¡§Deliverance
from Demonization¡¨
CAMACOP), Spring, 8-12.
¡P
2003 ¡§Spiritual
Warfare: Overcoming Demonization¡¨ Global Missiology, Oct. 2003,
¡P
¡§Spiritual Warfare: What Chinese Christians Should Know and Do,¡¨ Published
in Global
Missiology,
Spiritual Dynamics, Oct. 2003, www.globalmissiology.net
[9] See Paul¡¦s article:
¡P
¡§Syncretism and Social Paradigms. Van Rheenen,
Gailyn, ed. EMS 2004 conference papers. Fall 2005.
¡P
¡§A Christian Response to Hinduism.¡¨ Christian
Witness in Pluralistic Contexts in the 21st Century¡¨
¡P
¡§Missiological
Issues in the Encounter with Emerging Hinduism.¡¨ Missiology: An International Review. 28:1:47-63.
See Enoch Wan¡¦s articles¡¨
¡P
¡§The
Christian Response to Chinese Folk Religion.¡¨ Christian Witness in
Pluralistic Contexts in the 21st Century!.
¡P
¡§Ethnocentrism,¡¨
Evangelical Dictionary of World Missions.
P.324-325. Edited by
[10]
See ¡§Tribute to Paul G. Hiebert: Professor,
colleague, brother, pilgrim¡¨ by Tite Tienou and Paul¡¦s article, ¡§Missionary As Mediator of Global
Theologizing.¡¨ 2006. Doing Theology in a Globalizing World. Craig Ott
and Harold A. Netland, eds.